EFEKTIFITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK BUAH JAMBU BIJI MERAH (PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L) TERHADAP LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by Dengue virus infection transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes to humans through mosquito bites. Currently, in an effort to limit the spread of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the use of chemical larvicides is still the main choice. However, the continued application of chemical larvicides has the potential to create resistance in larvae. The use of natural larvicides can be an option to overcome the problem of Aedes aegypti populations that are resistant to other control methods, including red guava (Psidium guajava L) fruit extract. The aim was to test the larvicidal effectiveness of guava fruit extract against Aedes aegypti larvae. Method: quasi-experimental study with a post-test design using a control group. The approach taken involved adding varying concentrations of guava fruit extract to a container containing Aedes aegypti larvae. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical method. Results: : The study indicated that the extract from red guava fruit has an effective effect in killing Aedes aegypti larvae at various concentrations. At a concentration of 2.5%, there was a mortality rate of 38% of the larvae, while at a concentration of 5.0%, the mortality rate increased to 48%. A concentration of 7.5% showed more significant results with a mortality rate reaching 76% of the tested larvae. The most effective results were seen at a concentration of 10%, where a total death of 83% of the tested larval population occurred. And the results of the comparison of the percentage of larvae in the sample group at 24 hours of treatment with a p value <0.05. Conclusion: The effective extract concentration in killing Aedes aegypti larvae in the first 4 hours of observation was 22.3%, which is the LD50 value.